![]() ![]() For example, the graphemes f and i can be displayed as a glyph f and a glyph i, connected by a ligature glyph. Sometimes the same grapheme is written differently, depending on its context or other factors. Glyph: A concrete way of writing a grapheme.Sometimes, several characters are used to display a single grapheme. Characters are are digital entities, graphemes are atomic units of written languages (alphabetic letters, typographic ligatures, etc.). Characters and graphemes: Both terms mean something quite similar.The following are important basic concepts: That’s why Unicode is such a complex standard. The idea of a character may seem a simple one, but there are many aspects to it. The first volume of the Unicode 1.0 standard was published in October 1991, the second one in June 1992. The Unicode Consortium is a non-profit corporation devoted to developing, maintaining, and promoting software internationalization standards and data, particularly the Unicode Standard ![]() The Unicode Consortium was incorporated on January 3, 1991: Work continued afterwards and the working group expanded. The first Unicode draft proposal was published in 1988. Before Unicode, no standard for multi-lingual plain text existed, but there were rich text systems (such as Apple’s WorldScript) that allowed one to combine multiple encodings. The idea was to create a universal character set, as there were many incompatible standards for encoding plain text at that time: numerous variations of 8 bit ASCII, Big Five (Traditional Chinese), GB 2312 (Simplified Chinese), etc. Unicode was started in 1987, by Joe Becker (Xerox), Lee Collins (Apple) and Mark Davis (Apple). ![]() This blog post is a brief introduction to Unicode and how it is handled in JavaScript. #Using codepoints javascript updateUpdate : New sections 4.1 (“Matching any code unit”) and 4.2 (“Libraries”). ![]()
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